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1.
J. bras. pneumol ; 47(1): e20200033, 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1134930

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the frequency of asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) in patients with COPD and to compare, from a clinical, laboratory, and functional point of view, patients with and without ACO, according to different diagnostic criteria. Methods: The participants underwent evaluation by a pulmonologist, together with spirometry and blood tests. All of the patients were instructed to record their PEF twice a day. The diagnosis of ACO was based on the Proyecto Latinoamericano de Investigación en Obstrucción Pulmonar (PLATINO, Latin American Project for the Investigation of Obstructive Lung Disease) criteria, the American Thoracic Society (ATS) Roundtable criteria, and the Spanish criteria. We investigated patient histories of exacerbations and hospitalizations, after which we applied the COPD Assessment Test and the modified Medical Research Council scale, to classify risk and symptoms in accordance with the GOLD criteria. Results: Of the 51 COPD patients, 14 (27.5%), 8 (12.2%), and 18 (40.0) were diagnosed with ACO on the basis of the PLATINO, ATS Roundtable, and Spanish criteria, respectively. The values for pre-bronchodilator FVC, post-bronchodilator FVC, and pre-bronchodilator FEV1 were significantly lower among the patients with ACO than among those with COPD only (1.9 ± 0.4 L vs. 2.4 ± 0.7 L, 2.1 ± 0.5 L vs. 2.5 ± 0.8 L, and 1.0 ± 0.3 L vs. 1.3 ± 0.5 L, respectively). When the Spanish criteria were applied, IgE levels were significantly higher among the patients with ACO than among those with COPD only (363.7 ± 525.9 kU/L vs. 58.2 ± 81.6 kU/L). A history of asthma was more common among the patients with ACO (p < 0.001 for all criteria). Conclusions: In our sample, patients with ACO were more likely to report previous episodes of asthma and had worse lung function than did those with COPD only. The ATS Roundtable criteria appear to be the most judicious, although concordance was greatest between the PLATINO and the Spanish criteria.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a frequência de asthma-COPD overlap (ACO, sobreposição asma-DPOC) em pacientes com DPOC e comparar, do ponto de vista clínico, laboratorial e funcional, os pacientes com e sem essa sobreposição conforme diferentes critérios diagnósticos. Métodos: Os participantes foram submetidos à avaliação com pneumologista, espirometria e exame sanguíneo, sendo orientados a manter o registro do PFE duas vezes ao dia. O diagnóstico de ACO deu-se através dos critérios Projeto Latino-Americano de Investigação em Obstrução Pulmonar (PLATINO), American Thoracic Society (ATS) Roundtable e Espanhol. Foram investigados os históricos de exacerbações e hospitalizações e aplicados os instrumentos COPD Assessment Test e escala Medical Research Council modificada, utilizados para a classificação de risco e sintomas da GOLD. Resultados: Entre os 51 pacientes com DPOC, 14 (27,5%), 8 (12,2%) e 18 (40,0) foram diagnosticados com ACO segundo os critérios PLATINO, ATS Roundtable e Espanhol, respectivamente. Pacientes com sobreposição significativamente apresentaram pior CVF pré-broncodilatador (1,9 ± 0,4 L vs. 2,4 ± 0,7 L), CVF pós-broncodilatador (2,1 ± 0,5 L vs. 2,5 ± 0,8 L) e VEF1 pré-broncodilatador (1,0 ± 0,3 L vs. 1,3 ± 0,5 L) quando comparados a pacientes com DPOC. Os níveis de IgE foram significativamente mais elevados em pacientes com sobreposição diagnosticados pelo critério Espanhol (363,7 ± 525,9 kU/L vs. 58,2 ± 81,6 kU/L). O histórico de asma foi mais frequente em pacientes com a sobreposição (p < 0,001 para todos os critérios). Conclusões: Nesta amostra, pacientes com ACO relataram asma prévia com maior frequência e possuíam pior função pulmonar quando comparados a pacientes com DPOC. O critério ATS Roundtable aparenta ser o mais criterioso em sua definição, enquanto os critérios PLATINO e Espanhol apresentaram maior concordância entre si.


Subject(s)
Humans , Asthma/complications , Asthma/diagnosis , Asthma/epidemiology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology , Spirometry , Forced Expiratory Volume , Hospitalization , Laboratories
2.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 24(supl.2)maio 2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-718740

ABSTRACT

Este estudo tem como objetivo revisar a literatura a respeito da asma fatal e asma quase fatal. A associação de diversos parâmetros clínicos, fisiopatológicos e radiológicos é fundamental para a compreensão do quadro clínico, prognóstico e dos fatores de risco para que se desenvolva asma fatal ou quase fatal. A identificação desses pacientes comalto risco de desenvolverem essa forma às vezes fatal de asma e a adesão a consensos de tratamento visando à prevenção de novas crises e exacerbações mostraram-se extremamente eficazes no controle desses pacientes, reduzindo de forma significativa a morbimortalidade. A revisão da bibliografia foi realizada nas bases de dados Medline, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde e HighWire, nos últimos 30 anos, empregando-se os descritores asthma, near fatal asthma, epidemiology, diagnosis e treatment. Foram selecionados 13 artigos paracompor as referências desta revisão.


This study aims to review the literature about fatal asthma and near-fatal asthma. The association of various clinical, physiopathological, and radiological parameters is essential for understanding the clinical condition, prognosis, and risk factors for the development of fatal or near-fatal asthma. The identification of patients at high risk of developing this form of asthma, sometimes fatal, and their adherence to consensus treatmentaimed at preventing new crises and exacerbations have been proved extremely effective in the control of these patients, significantly reducing morbidity and mortality. The bibliographical review was performed accessing the Medline, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, and HighWire databases, and the search of articles published in the past 30 years, and using the following descriptors: asthma, near fatal asthma, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Thirteen articles were selected to compose the references in this review.

3.
Pediátr. Panamá ; 42(2): 22-30, Agosto-Septiembre 2013.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-879340

ABSTRACT

El quiste broncogénico es una malformación de la porción ventral del intestino primitivo que ocasiona alteración en el desarrollo del árbol traqueo bronquial. Reportamos el caso de un lactante con síntomas respiratorios crónicos desde su nacimiento. El paciente fue referido a la consulta de neumología del Hospital del Niño con diagnóstico de asma de difícil control para ser evaluado y dar recomendaciones para su manejo ya que los síntomas respiratorios no mejoraban y seguía presentando recaídas a pesar del tratamiento para el asma. La historia clínica, el examen físico y los hallazgos de la radiografía de tórax hicieron sospechar una malformación congénita como un quiste broncogénico. Se realizaron estudios de gabinete que apoyaron el diagnóstico de un quiste broncogénico paratraqueal derecho. Se realizó la resección quirúrgica y el estudio histopatológico confirmó el diagnóstico. No hubo complicaciones y los síntomas respiratorios del paciente desaparecieron. Este caso es de interés porque permite hacer énfasis en la importancia del diagnóstico diferencial de los lactantes con síntomas respiratorios crónicos.


Bronchogenic cyst arises from abnormal budding of the diverticulum of the foregut that leads to abnormality of the tracheobronquial tree. We report a case of an infant with chronic respiratory symptoms since birth. The patient was referred to the outpatient pneumology clinic of the Hospital del Niño with the diagnosis of difficult control asthma for evaluation and recommendations due to respiratory symptoms which did not improve and persisted with relapses inspite of asthma treatment. The medical history, physical exam and radiographic findings of the chest x-ray raise the suspicion of a congenital malformation such as bronchogenic cyst. Studies which support the diagnosis of a right paratracheal bronchogenic cyst were performed. The patient underwent surgical resection and the histologic features confirmed the diagnosis. There were no complications and the patient´s respiratory symptoms disappeared. This case is of interest because it allows to emphasize the importance of the differential diagnosis of infants with chronic respiratory symptoms.

4.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 22(2)jun. 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-684758

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: fazer revisão dos aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos, propedêuticos e do manejo terapêutico da asma de difícil controle. Fonte dos dados: pesquisa não sistemática nas bases de dados Medline e LILACS. Síntese dos dados: a asma de difícil controle (ADC) constitui-se em síndrome definida na ausência de controle da asma com doses de budesonida, ou equivalente, iguais ou superiores a 800 ?g por dia. Apesar da simplicidade dessa definição clínica, o manejo propedêutico e terapêutico envolve multiplicidade de fatores e os pacientes devem ser acompanhados por pneumopediatra e equipe multidisciplinar em centros de referência. É necessário confirmar o diagnóstico de asma, avaliar diagnósticos alternativos e/ou fatores agravantes, verificar a adesão, a presença de causas psicossociais e estabelecer o fenótipo da asma a partir de marcadores inflamatórios (invasivos e não invasivos). As pesquisas revelam que os diferentes fenótipos requerem tratamentos específicos, entretanto, a aplicação na prática clínica desse conhecimento fenotípico ainda requer mais estudos. Conclusões: a asma de difícil controle em criança ou adolescente pode estar relacionada a múltiplas causas e à existência de diferentes subgrupos de ADC e com diferentes fisiopatologias de base.


Objectives: To review the epidemiological, clinical, propaedeutic aspects as well as the treatment of hard-to-control asthma. Source of data : Non-systematic research on Medline and LILACS databases. Data summary: Hard-to-control asthma (HCA) is a syndrome defined as the lack of asthma control despite daily doses of budesonide or equivalent that are equal to or higher than 800 ?g. This clinical definition may sound simple, but preliminary handling and treatment involve multiple factors and patients should be followed up by a pediatric pulmonologist and a multidisciplinary team at specialist care centers. It is necessary to confirm the diagnosis, to assess alternative diagnoses and/or aggravating factors, assess compliance and existence of psychosocial causes, and to define the asthma phenotype based on inflammatory markers (both invasive and non-invasive). Studies show that different phenotypes demand different treatments; however, further studies are needed to investigate the actual application of this knowledge in the clinical practice. Conclusions: Hard-to-control asthma in children or adolescents can be related to multiple causes and the existence of different HCA subgroups with different pathophysiological grounds


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Asthma/diagnosis , Asthma/epidemiology , Asthma/therapy , Anti-Asthmatic Agents , Asthma/drug therapy
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